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Modern vehicles may contain up to ten airbag modules in various configurations, including driver, passenger, side-curtain, seat-mounted, door-mounted, B and C-pillar mounted side-impact, knee bolster, inflatable seat belt, and pedestrian airbag modules. Due to the negative influences of heat on the stability of photometric performance and the light transmitting components, the importance of thermal design, stability tests, usage of low-UV-type LED modules and UV-resistance tests of internal materials has increased dramatically. The power MOSFET and the microcontroller, a type of single-chip microcomputer, led to significant advances in electric vehicle technology. At the same time, Charles Kettering invented an electric starter, allowing the engine to be started without the need for a mechanical hand crank. Other systems do away with the distributor as a timing apparatus and use a magnetic crank angle sensor mounted on the crankshaft to trigger the ignition at the proper time. The rest of the system (distributor and spark plugs) remains as for the mechanical system. It uses a magneto and a transformer to make pulses of high voltage for the spark plugs. An ignition magneto (also called a high-tension magneto) is an older type of ignition system used in spark-ignition engines (such as petrol engines).

As batteries became more common in cars (due to the increased usage of electric starter motors), magneto systems were replaced by systems using an induction coil. An ignition interlock interrupts the signal from the ignition to the starter until a valid breath sample is provided that meets maximal alcohol guidelines in that jurisdiction. A common misconception is that interlock devices will simply turn off the engine if alcohol is detected; this would, however, create an unsafe driving situation and expose interlock manufacturers to considerable liability, which is why ignition interlock devices do not have an automatic engine shut off feature. At random times after the engine has been started, the IID will require another breath sample, referred to as a rolling retest. If the breath sample isn't provided, or the sample exceeds the ignition interlock's preset blood alcohol level, the device will log the event, warn the driver, and then start up an alarm in accordance to state regulations (e.g., lights flashing, horn honking) until the ignition is turned off, or a clean breath sample has been provided. The purpose of the rolling retest is to prevent someone other than the driver from providing a breath sample. A breath sample is not required to start the vehicle if the engine has been running within a time-out period, to allow quick re-starts in case the vehicle stalls.

If the resultant breath-alcohol concentration analyzed result is greater than the programmed blood alcohol concentration (which varies between countries), the device prevents the engine from being started. Alcohol-sensing devices became the standard through the 1980s. They employed semiconductor (nonspecific) alcohol sensors. An ignition interlock device or breath alcohol ignition interlock device (IID or BAIID) is a breathalyzer for an individual's vehicle. Modern ignition interlock devices use an alcohol-specific fuel cell for a sensor. The fuel (coal, wood, oil) in a steam engine burns outside the engine to create steam, and the steam creates motion inside the engine. For example, railroad wheels have little traction, and friction brakes without an anti-skid mechanism often lead to skids, which increases maintenance costs and leads to a "thump thump" feeling for riders inside. The interlock device is located inside the vehicle, near the driver’s seat, and is directly connected to the engine’s ignition system. 1969. In 1981, Jeffrey Feit, a student in New Jersey, placed in a statewide innovation contest with a primitive schematic of a breathalyzer based interlock device. In 1983, Hans Doran, a student in Limerick, presented a working prototype at the Young Scientist competition in Dublin.

In England, the prototype Lanchester petrol-electric car was made in 1927. It was not a success, but the vehicle is on display in Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum. The second car is more about luxury. By the early 1990s, the industry began to produce "second generation" interlocks with reliable and accurate fuel cell sensors. In the US ignition interlocks are required to meet National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) standards. 20%) and Norway (6.9%) are the only countries with a higher market share than the Netherlands. Peugeot was expected to produce a diesel-electric hybrid version of its 308 in late 2008 for the European market. During the rush hour on San Francisco's Market Street Railway in 1883, a car would leave the terminal every 15 seconds. Conversely, the car is stopped by releasing pressure on the cable (with or without completely detaching) and applying the brakes. From a user’s perspective, it would be very hard to give up this smart navigation feature in a future electric car.